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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Autodonation and autotransfusion of pre-donated blood in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Mário Gesteira Costa; Frederico Vasconcelos; Roberto Pereira; Carlos Antônio Silveira; Esdras Gaspar; Gilberto Godoy; Milton Garret; Maria de Lourdes Souza; Antônio Carlos Leão

DOI: 10.1590/S0102-76381989000200003

ABSTRACT

This is a prospective study performed from August 1987 to September 1988, including 80 adult patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, for the purpose of assessing the efficacy of autodonation (AD) and autotransfusion (AT) in reducing the use of homologous blood and blood products (SDH). The Control Group (GC) did not undergo autodonation (n=38). Pre-operative collection of flood was performed in 42 patients, forming the autodonation Group (GAD), beginning from I to 7 days pre-operatively (GAD I; n=29), and from 8 to 14 days pre-operatively (GAD II; n = 13). Groups GC and GAD had very similiar "pre", "intra" and "post-operative" parameters. The results showed that the use of blood and blood products was similar in the various groups. Nevertheless, the number of patients exposed to SDH (GC 27 (71%) x GAD 10 (23.8%) - p < 0.001), the mean volume of SDH (GC 1241 x GAD 412 ml - p < 0.003) and the mean number of Homologous Units used (GC 6.31 x GAD 1.95 - p < 0.001) demonstrated that AD and AT were efficacious, reducing in 64% the mean volume of SDH, diminishing the exposure to Homologous Units and minimizing the number of patients exposed. The GAD II attained the best indexes, not reaching, however, statistical significance when compared to GAD I, possibility due to the small number of patients. We believe that AT & AD should de encouraged in elective cardiac surgery.

RESUMO

Estudo prospectivo, entre agosto de 1987 e setembro de 1988, em 80 pacientes adultos submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca eletiva com circulação extracorpórea (CEC) aferindo a eficácia da autodoação (AD) e autotransfusão (AT) em reduzir o uso de sangue e hemoderivados homólogos (SDH). O Grupo Controle (GC) não foi submetido a AD (n =38). Coleta pré-operatória de sangue foi realizada em 42 pacientes, constituindo o Grupo Autodoação (GAD), iniciando-se de um a sete dias pré-operatórios (GAD I n=29) e entre oito a 14 dias pré-operatórios (GAD II n = 13). Os Grupos GC e GAD foram bastante semelhantes nos seus parâmetros pré, intra e pós-operatórios. Os resultados demonstraram que a utilização de hemoderivados foi similar, nos diversos grupos. Contudo, o número de pacientes expostos a SDH: GC 27 (71%) x GAS 10 (23,8%), p < (0,001); o volume médio de SHD (GC 1241 ml x GAD 412 ml, p <0,003) e o número médio de unidades homólogas utilizadas (GC 6,31 x GAD 1,95, p < 0,001) demonstraram que AD e AT foram eficazes em reuzir em 64% o volume médio de SDH, diminuindo a exposição a unidades homólogas e minimizando o número de pacientes expostos. O GAD II obteve os melhores índices, mas não atinge significado estatístico quando comparado ao GAD I, talvez devido ao pequeno número de pacientes. Acreditamos que AD e AT devem ser incentivadas em cirurgia cardíaca eletiva.
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